zoo的音标(foot的音标)
国际音标
一． 国际音标共有48个，分为20个元音，28个辅音。
二． 元音发音时声带振动，气流通过口腔不阻碍的音素。
辅音气流通过口腔或鼻腔受到阻碍的音素。
三． 元音分为单元音和双元音。单元音在发音时唇型和舌位不变。双元音则包括两个因素，发音由一个元音向另一个元音滑动。
四． 元音根据发音时舌隆起的部分分为前元音，中元音和后元音
五． 辅音分为浊辅音和清辅音。发音是声带震动是浊辅音，声带不振动是清辅音。
前元音[i: ] [i ] [e ] [ ]
中元音 [ ] [ ] [ ]
后元音[ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ]
双元音[ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ]
清辅音[ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ]
浊辅音[ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ]
附录音标符号手写
元音
1．[ i:]
发音要领舌前部向硬腭抬起，舌位较高，嘴唇向两旁平伸，成微笑状。它与汉语“衣”的发音近似，但没有摩擦。
字母及字母组合:
ea:__________________________________________________________________
ee:__________________________________________________________________
e:___________________________________________________________________
e-e:_________________________________________________________________
Eat the peach .
I see a jeep.
He and she are good friends.
Have some tea, please.
2.[ i ]
发音要领舌前部向硬腭抬起,唇形扁平，舌位比[ i:]低。
字母及字母组合．
i:___________________________________________________________________
y:___________________________________________________________________
ey:__________________________________________________________________
Jim is in the picture.
The pig is busy.
3.[ e ]
发音要领双唇扁平上下齿之间的距离相当于一个中指。舌尖抵下齿，舌前部向硬腭抬起，舌位比发[i]时低。
字母及字母组合
e:___________________________________________________________________
ea:__________________________________________________________________
The red pen is on the red desk.
Ten desks are next to the beds.
4.[ ]
发音要领舌尖抵下齿。舌身低平。它的舌位在四个前元音中最低。发音时口要张大，上下齿之间可容纳食指和中指。
字母及字母组合
a:___________________________________________________________________
That map is black.
The cat is on the mat.
The man’s hand is black.
5.[ ]
发音要领口要张大，与前元音[ ]的开口程度相同。双唇要向两旁平伸成扁唇。
字母及字母组合
u:___________________________________________________________________
ou:__________________________________________________________________
在th前
Touch the mug.
Under the bus.
My mother is young.
6.[ ]
发音要领双唇微开，略成扁平。舌身平放，舌中部略抬起而挺向硬腭，舌位居中。
字母及字母组合
ir:__________________________________________________________________
ur:__________________________________________________________________
er:__________________________________________________________________
The girl is a nurse.
The birdis on the German’s hand.
7.[ ]
发音要领双唇微开，略呈扁平。舌中略上升而挺向硬腭。舌位略低于[ ]。
字母及字母组合
er:__________________________________________________________________
It’s my sister’s ruler.
He is my father’s brother.
8.[ ]
发音要领口张大，上下唇略呈圆形。舌根微升，舌尖向后缩，舌位最低。
字母及字母组合
ar:__________________________________________________________________
The cat is on the farm.
Touch the star.
9.[ ]
发音要领上下唇呈圆形，略突出。舌后微升，略靠近软腭，舌前低而后缩。舌位比[ ]高。
字母及字母组合
o:___________________________________________________________________
The dog is in the box.
Eat the hot dog.
10.[ ]
发音要领发[ ]时舌后部抬的得比[ ]稍高。双唇要收的更小。
字母及字母组合
or:__________________________________________________________________
al:__________________________________________________________________
a:__________________________________________________________________
The fork is short.
The horse is tall.
Dra a small ball.
11.[ u:]
发音要领上下唇呈圆形，略突出。舌后部向软腭抬起，舌身后缩，舌尖离开下赤，舌位高于[ ]
字母及字母组合
o:___________________________________________________________________
oo:__________________________________________________________________
ue:__________________________________________________________________
The glue is blue.
Go to school and go to the zoo.
12.[ u ]
发音要领后元音[ ] 比[ ]的舌位稍低，口型比[ ]稍大一些，口腔肌肉放松。
字母及字母组合
oo:__________________________________________________________________
u:___________________________________________________________________
(oo的发音规律在字母d,k前发短音[ ]。其他字母前发[ ]， 特殊词为foot发短音,food发长音)
Put the food into the ood.
Look at the good book.
The cook is good.
13.[ ei ]
发音要领
双元音是由两个单元音结合的结果，既先发[e]音再发[i]音，中间不停顿。
字母及字母组合
a-e:_________________________________________________________________
ai:__________________________________________________________________
ay:__________________________________________________________________
ey:__________________________________________________________________
Play ith a snail.
The table is gray.
Get on the train.
Get off the plane.
14.[ ]
发音要领前一个音素滑向第二个音素，后一个音素短。
字母及字母组合
o:___________________________________________________________________
oa:__________________________________________________________________
o:__________________________________________________________________
o-e:_________________________________________________________________
The goat is old.
Close the door.
Blo the nose.
15.[ ]
发音要领上下唇张开呈圆形，而后略向内缩紧而圆起突出。先由低舌位，口型大的前元音[ ]向舌位高，口型小的[ ]音滑动，发[ ]是舌尖抵下齿，发[ ] 音时，舌尖后缩，不抵下齿。[ ]音重且长，[u]音轻而短。
Ou___________________________________________________________________
o:__________________________________________________________________
The floers are in the house.
Ho is the house?
Open your mouth.
16.[ ]
发音要领上下唇先圆起，后转扁平状。先发[ ]音，在迅速滑升至[i]音，[ ]音较重且稍长，[i]音较 轻且短，发音是要一气呵成。
字母及字母组合
oy:__________________________________________________________________
The boy is playing toys.
17.[ ]
发音要领上下唇先呈圆形，而后扁平。先由舌位低，口型大的前元音[ ]向舌位高，口型小的[i]音滑动。发音时，尽量一气呵成，舌尖抵住下齿。
字母及字母组合
i-e:_________________________________________________________________
i:___________________________________________________________________
igh:_________________________________________________________________
y:___________________________________________________________________
I like that butterfly.
There are five butterflies at night.
18.[ ]
发音要领发音时舌后部抬的较高，口要收圆，双唇稍突出。由[u]滑向中元音[ ]时口型有明显的变化，由圆唇改为扁唇。
poor sure tour
You are so poor.
Are you sure?
19.[ ]
发音要领舌位在[i]和[ ]之间，口型中长，比[i]稍大，比[ ]稍小。由[ ]滑向[ ]滑动时舌位由舌前部改为舌中部。口型由中长改为扁平。
字母及字母组合
ear:_________________________________________________________________
air:_________________________________________________________________
ere:_________________________________________________________________
Where is the pear?
The bear is on the chair.
The bear is over there.
20.[ ]
发音要领由口型扁平，舌位较高的前元音[i]向舌位较低的中元音[ ]滑动。
字母及字母组合
ear:_________________________________________________________________
ere:_________________________________________________________________
Here is my ear.
Dear me!
辅音
1．[b] [p]
发音要领双唇紧闭，憋住气，然后突然分开，使气流冲出口腔，发出爆破的声音。[p]为清辅音，要送气，声带不振动。[b]是浊辅音，发音时不送气，但声带振动。
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
Peter is picking apple apples and pears.
Put the pens and pencils next to the purple cap.
The boy sitting on the bed behind the bron table is in blue.
The big blue bird is flying at the beach.
2．[t] [d]
发音要领舌尖紧贴上齿龈，憋住气，然后突然分开，使气流冲出口腔，发出爆破声音。[t]为清辅音，要送气，声带不振动。[d]是浊辅音，发音时不送气，但声带振动。
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
My pet is a cat.
The fat cat is dancing on the desk.
The bed and the desk are under the indo.
3.[k] [ ]
发音要领双唇自然微张，下巴稍微拉下，舌后生起，抵住软腭，憋住气，然后突然分开，使气流冲出口腔发出爆破的声音。[k]是清辅音，要送气，但声带不振动。[g]是浊辅音，不送气，但声带振动。
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
The cook is drinking milk.
The duck is looking at the food.
A good beginning makes a good ending.
Let’s begin the game.
4.[f] [v]
发音要领上齿轻轻碰触下唇，用力将口中的气息有唇齿见的缝隙挤出，摩擦成音。
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
The sofa is on the left.
I find a photo on the fan.
I have a vase.
The van es to the village every day.
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
5.[ ] [ ]
发音要领双唇微开，舌尖稍伸出，置于上下齿之间，上下齿轻咬舌端，再用力将口腔中的气息从舌面与上齿间挤出。[ ]为清辅音，要送气，声带不振动。[ ]是浊辅音，发音时不送气，但声带振动。
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
Something is better than nothing.
My mother and father are there.
They are brother.
6.[s] [z]
发音要领双唇微开，上下齿轻合，舌尖升起，轻抵上齿龈，再略用力将口腔中的气息从舌端与上齿龈间所形成的缝隙挤出，摩擦成音。
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
My sister is singing a nice song.
Pass me the sock,please.
Close the door, please.
Those boys have got lots of roses.
7.[ ] [ ]
发音要领双唇略圆起突出，舌端上升，靠近硬腭前部。在口腔中形成一个狭窄的通道，用力将口腔中的气息从舌端与硬腭前部间挤出。气流通过时摩擦成音。[ ]为清辅音，要送气，声带不振动。[ ]是浊辅音，发音时不送气，但声带振动。
____________________________________________________________________
The sheep and fish are on the ship.
She sells seashells by the seashore.
8 [h] [r]
发音要领发[h]时，张开嘴，呈放松状态叹息，也就是说气流在口腔中自由逸出只是通过声门时发出轻微的摩擦。口型不定，随后面的元音而变化。[h]为清辅音，声带不振动。发[r]音时，舌尖卷起，靠近（不是贴到）上齿龈的后部，舌的主体放低，舌的两侧收拢，贴住上齿龈的两侧，双唇略张开并收圆，气流通过舌尖及齿龈所形成的通道时有轻微摩擦。[r]为浊辅音，发音时声带振动，气流由口腔中送出。
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
Ho happy he is .
Touch his hand and head ith you hand.
I like bron bread.
9.[ ] [ ]
发音要领双唇略向外突出，舌尖和舌端上升，轻抵上齿龈。先憋住气，再稍放
掉，用力将气流挤出。[ ]为清辅音，[ ]是浊辅音。
_____________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
I like chicken very much.
I like French fries for lunch.
A jeep is crossing the bridge.
10．[m] [n] [ ]
发音要领[m]双唇紧闭，舌头平放在自然位置，软腭下垂，为浊辅音，发音时
将气息由鼻孔送出，声带振动。
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
The small mouse meets a man.
My mother goes simming every month.
Many men and omen are ing.
[n]双唇微开，舌尖抵上齿龈，阻住口中的气流，软腭下垂，气流从鼻腔泻出。
为浊辅音。
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
I don’t kno her name.
The tennis is nice ,it’s ne.
No pains,no gains.
Well begun is half done.
[ ]双唇微开，舌后部上升抵住软腭，堵住气流进入口腔。舌尖轻触下齿龈，软腭下垂，将气息经由鼻腔送出。是浊辅音。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Let the young people sing a song .
The monkey is drinking the mango juice.
Nothing venture. Nothing have.
11.[l] [j] []
发音要领[l]舌侧音的发音方法有两种。双唇微开舌尖抵上齿龈，舌前向硬腭抬起，气流从舌的两旁泻出。[l]为浊辅音。
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
Live and learn.
Like father ,like son.
Let the sleeping dogs lie.
[j]双唇微开，舌尖抵下齿，舌前升起贴近硬腭，发音短暂，立刻向后面的元音滑动，发音是声带振动气息微弱，经口而出，为浊辅音。[j]与[u]合在一起，可看作一个音[ju:]
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
You can seethe ne year.
What a beauty you are.
12.[]
发音要领舌后部向硬腭抬起，舌位很高，和[u:]相似。双唇须收圆，收小并稍向前突出。口型也和[u:]相似，是浊辅音，声带振动
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
Where there is a ill, there is a ay.
Where there is life, there is hope.
We alked aay from the ater.
13[tr] [dr]
发音要领舌尖上翘贴在齿龈后部，舌身采取发[r]的姿势。双唇收圆，稍向前突出。气流冲破舌尖和齿龈后部的阻碍，发出短促的[t][d]音后，立即发[r]音，[tr]为清辅音，要送气，声带不振动。[dr]是浊辅音，发音时不送气，但声带振动。
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The child try to climb the tree.
Her dress drops from the dressing-table.
14.[ts] [dz]
发音要领舌端先贴住上齿龈，堵住气流，形成完全阻碍。然后舌端略为下降。气流随之从舌端齿龈间的窄缝中泻出，摩擦成音。[ts]为清辅音，声带不振动。[dz]是浊辅音发音时不送气，但声带振动。
____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
I see lots and lots of birds and kites.
It’s not good to have good ords but no deeds.
欢迎
foot 英[fʊt] 美[fʊt] n.脚;底部;英尺(=12 英寸或 30.48 厘米);脚步 vt.走,踏 vt.& vi.结算,总计,共计 [例句]Back then the rent as $ 1 per square foot per year.当时的租金是每年每平方英尺1美元.